Oral Cancer

Mouth cancer refers to cancer that develops in any of the parts that make up the mouth (oral cavity). Mouth cancer can occur on the:

  • Lips
  • Gums
  • Tongue
  • Inner lining of the cheeks
  • Roof of the mouth
  • Floor of the mouth (under the tongue)
  • Cancer that occurs on the inside of the mouth is sometimes called oral cancer or oral cavity cancer.

Mouth cancer is one of several types of cancers grouped in a category called head and neck cancers. Mouth cancer and other head and neck cancers are often treated similarly.

There are two distinct pathways by which most people come to oral and oropharyngeal cancer. One is through the use of tobacco and alcohol, a long-term historic problem and cause, and the other is through exposure to the HPV-16 virus (human papilloma virus version 16) a relatively newly (since 1999) identified etiology.


Symptoms

  • A sore on your lip or mouth that won’t heal
  • A mass or growth anywhere in your mouth
  • Bleeding from your mouth
  • Loose teeth
  • Pain or difficulty swallowing
  • Trouble wearing dentures
  • A lump in your neck
  • An earache that won’t go away
  • Dramatic weight loss
  • Lower lip, face, neck, or chin numbness
  • White, red and white, or red patches in or on your mouth or lips
  • A sore throat
  • Jaw pain or stiffness
  • Tongue pain

Some of these symptoms, such as a sore throat or an earache, may indicate other conditions. However, if you notice any of these symptoms, especially if they don’t go away or you have more than one at a time, visit your dentist or doctor as soon as possible. Find out what mouth cancer looks like here.


Diagnosis

Because oral cancer can spread quickly, early detection is important. An oral cancer examination can detect early signs of cancer. The exam is painless and takes only a few minutes. Many dentists will perform the test during your regular dental check-up. During the exam, your dentist or dental hygienist will check your face, neck, lips, and entire mouth for possible signs of cancer. A biopsy may be needed to determine the makeup of a suspicious looking area.


Causes

  • Smoking/Chewing Tobacco
  • Excessive consumption of alcohol
  • Family History of Cancer
  • Excessive Sun Exposure
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV)